Struggling to show “technical effect” for AI at the EPO without drifting into business KPIs? This lesson equips you to draft examiner-ready effect statements that prove machine-level improvements and tie them causally to claimed features. You’ll get a concise framework (purpose → quantified outcome → causality), high-signal examples, and targeted exercises to stress‑test credibility, scope, and evidence alignment. Expect precise phrasing guides, benchmark and ablation checklists, and wording templates designed to reduce objections and accelerate allowance.